Saturday, 25 April 2015

King Edward III, notable philanderer

I am back from an accidental hiatus! While most of this has involved me settling into a new academic job and all the lecture planning / writing / dressing like a grown up / panicked imposter syndroming that entails, I also spent an exhausting but really enriching week as one of three adjudicators for the Christchurch Regionals of the University of Otago Shakespeare Globe Centre New Zealand Sheilah Winn Shakespeare Festival. (Thanks, Annette, for asking me.) Ten of the 13 pieces that we sent through to the final showcase night were directed by students and it was a total pleasure to watch so many clever and talented high school kids wipe the floor with some of the city’s more established theatre companies. Steampunk witches! As You Like It set in the Summer of Love! A rapey, MRA inspired Petruchio!

As we left after the showcase, one of the students we’d chosen to go up to the national festival in Wellington, who played a note-perfect Macbeth, came up to us to say YOU’VE MADE MY WHOLE LIFE and having been through that process myself, from school show to national competitions to travelling to the Globe with the NZ Young Shakespeare Company, I melted into a little puddle and trickled through the floorboards. See what happens, schools, when you don’t give all your money and support to sports teams?

***

Today’s play is King Edward III, which was dabbed with scented oil and wrapped in silks and added to the canon in the 1990s, although there is still ongoing debate as to whether it belongs there. It was only when I was bulk purchasing cheap Shakespeare editions that I came across this and groaned a little, as the one decent annotated copy is the sort that’s annotated for clever people with an interest in meandering and complicated literary authentication procedures, as opposed to people like me who just want to read it as a bit of a romp. How will I know what all the big words mean? There is very little written on this play – no cheat sheets! – so this was a bit challenging.

As we start, Edward III, King of England, is told by a French defector that he is (by virtue of various begats and marriages and convoluted rules about succession) the rightful ruler of France. It’s mine! he says, let's take it! although then a French envoy arrives to say ‘nope it's not – you have forty days to sharpen up and present yourself in France to acknowledge King John as the One True King’. Nyah nyah, says one to the other, prepare for war and an ongoing dramatic continuation of the France v England grudge match that drives so many of the history plays. This also establishes that Edward is a) a hot head, and also b) incredibly hot-headed. Plus, he has a temper and is a bit reckless. And hot-headed.




Meanwhile! King David of Scotland and his countrymen, who are portrayed as a looseknit faction of booze-guzzling Cletus the slack-jawed yokels, are running raids and skirmishes along the border. (One theory for the dearth of performances of this play is that this offensive representation of the Scots was deemed highly un-politic in the Jacobean era.) Poor old Edward needs to fight wars on multiple fronts, so he hies himself north to Roxborough, where the Countess of Salisbury is holed up inside her castle. The scenes between the two of them are the best in the play.  

Here are some things about the Countess. Firstly, she is awesome: clever, brave, strong, articulate and resilient. Secondly, she is a stone cold fox. Edward arrives, takes one look at her, and does his best Tex Avery cartoon impression: tongue on the floor, eyes popping out of his head, aaaaooogah noises, spinning around on the spot with steam coming out of his ears. ‘Screw fighting the Scots’, he says, ‘point me in her direction’.



After he is invited in – who turns away the King, let alone the King that just helped to scare away your attackers? – the Countess is gracious and acts appropriately and asks him to stay. The King (reckless, hot-headed) starts thinking with his man bits, acts totally inappropriately, completely discounts the existence of his wife and asks one of his baffled men to help him write the Countess some love letters.

The Countess, who is a top hostess, pops in to see how they are getting along and it's time for EXTREME COURTSHIP: HOT-HEAD EDITION

She says, is everything okay with your lodgings?
He says, EVERYTHING IS SO OKAY.
She says, hrm, alright, is there anything I can get for you?
He says, THERE SURE IS!
She says, oh okay like what?

He makes googly eyes.

She says, wut?
He says, actually, I am a bit discontent to be completely honest
She says, let me fix that the best I can, because I am a gracious host!
He says, BE MY SECRET LOVER
She says, I can get you some better sheets, or maybe something nice to eat, and I would do anything for love but I won't do that
He says, but I am your king!
She says, yes but even still, I cannot give you what is not yours to have because YOU ARE MARRIED AND FYI SO AM I
He says, excuses, schmexcuses, and anyway, I just talked to your dad and he said it was totally okay
The Earl of Warwick says, it's true, I totally did, although there was a pretty heavy element of blackmail involved 
She says, please, can you stop you really need to stop putting me in this situation, even the Scots were better than this

Edward's son Ned the Black Prince arrives, and his son's likeness to his wife cools his jets / pants momentarily, until the Countess returns and any circumspection flies out the window.


She says, great you're still here
He says, GO ON DAHLING, GIVE US A KISS GOOO OOOOOOON
She says, fine, all you have to do is kill everyone who stands in our way - your wife, my husband, and my poor dad
He says, done!
She says, what the hell is wrong with you, look, I will LITERALLY kill myself with this here knife if you don't back off

... and he finally backs off, with much muttering about how much trouble women / suicide pacts are. No rose ceremony for you, Edward. I wouldn't be surprised if he then went and picked up a copy of The Game.

I've read a few interpretations of these scenes that suggest that this is a 'right person, wrong time' love story for the ages that is writ in sighs and glances, and that the honourable Countess is tragically bound by duty to keep turning down the persistent, love-lorn King. Reading this as a lady person – who, like many other lady persons, has received unwanted sexual attention from people in positions of power or dominance – I feel quite differently about it. It’s a great character-driven dramatic sequence, though, and it features some lovely language, and I’d love to see it played out in the Shakespeare Festival or similar.

Then, oh boy, there is a bunch of fighting and warring and diplomacying and prisoner taking for a few acts. Ho hum. Prince Edward, Ned the Black Prince, acts as a pretty good precursor for the valiant Prince Hal in later plays. I am not ashamed to admit that I found a lot of this to be pretty boring, I think because I can rarely be bothered keeping track of all the redshirt lords.

Things pick up near the end when, during yet another battle between the English and the French, the sky turns black with flocks of (supernaturally disposed?) ravens - an unkindness of ravens, Google tells me. The French, who are cowards, get freaked out by this and the Black Prince manages to lead the English to an heroic underdog-ish victory, but as far as I am concerned the corvid is the winner on the day.

Verdict: I like ravens. I like the Countess. I quite like some of the imagery, especially the descriptions of battles. I am not overly interested in the finer points of literary authentication or extended scenes of diplomacy and political wrangling and hostages and war that have little to do with character and lots to do with pleasing a late 16th / early 17th century crowd who wanted to see something that confrmed, in their heart of hearts, that the French were rubbish.



Monday, 19 January 2015

Twin frenzy!

I have really been looking forward to reading The Comedy of Errors, and it's a wonderfully knockabout antidote to my Richard III-related antipathy. I have a massive soft spot for this play, in part because I was lucky enough to see an outstanding production of it at Shakespeare's Globe 15 years ago, but also because its extremely fun to read, even if you can't keep track of all the door slamming, doubling and buffoonery.

The setup is this: a guy from Syracuse called Egeon has made his way to the xenophobic Ephesus, a place known for magic, filthy paganism, and other such freaky business, where he is immediately arrested for being foreign and told that if he cannot pay a ransom he'll be put to death. Ruh-roh. He pleads his tragic case to the duke: Egeon has been looking for his son, Antipholus, and his son's servant, Dromio, who set out from home on their own mission some years earlier, and he has been wandering around for so long that he had no idea that Ephesus was jerk-central. To appease the duke, who is sympathetic but bound by law, Egeon tells a TRAGIC STORY...



He and his wife Emelia had identicial twin sons (both of whom are called Antipholus for reasons), and also 'inherited' another set of identical twins from a low-born woman (both of whom are called Dromio for reasons), who will be the Antipholuses (Antipholies?) servants (because inequality). Egeon and Emelia and the four infants get on a ship to (something something doesn't matter) but! Storm! Catastrophe! Calamity! The sailors bail, leaving the civilians to fend for themselves. One of each twin are lashed to one mast and the other two to the other, and during the maelstrom the boat breaks in half. Egeon is left with one of the pairs, and his wife and the other babies are gone... end flashback.



It is a very very sad story, and a rather long monologue that is quite comically stopped halfway through when Egeon apropos of nothing says '...and I guess you can work the rest out from there', so kind of a weird way to open a comedy. But, it's a great setup: now adult, Antipholus and Dromio of Syracuse have been travelling for years looking for their twins, who probably don't know that they have brothers. Although Egeon doesn't realise it, they are all in Ephesus now - where the other twins have just so happened to have grown up - but if Egeon can't find some money quick smart he's going to be executed. This plot is then forgotten about until the very end.

Antipholus and Dromio of Syracuse are bosom buddies, despite their master-servant relationship, and both are pretty naive and good natured; they are essentially cheerful backpackers on a heart-warming mission in a time before hacky sacks and couch surfing.



Their urbane Ephesean counterparts are more hardened and cynical: Antipholus is an ambitious young merchant with a hot, upwardly mobile wife Adriana, and Dromio is quick-witted and streetwise.



When things start going south, the local pair upgrade from irate to outraged, while the baffled Syracuseans(?) decide pretty quickly that all the craziness is down to Ephesus's murky reputation for sorcery.

Thankfully it doesn't go all Oprah and soft-focus misty-eyed sentiment - no slo-mo reunion scenes and hand-holding. Instead, each twin keeps being mistaken for the other, including by their respective servant and master, resulting in COMEDY PLUS. This includes:
  • misunderstandings over money, gold chains and jewels!
  • beatings!
  • anger-fuelled threats of adultery!
  • more beatings!
  • pages worth of confused orders!
  • misrecognition!
  • even more beatings!
  • arrests!
  • escapes from custody!
  • a swordfight!
  • an exorcism by a quack doctor!

... and best of all, Dromio of Syracuse being aggressively pursued by his counterpart's robust and lusty fiancée, Nell the kitchenmaid, who he finds not at all to his liking.



His account of this to his Antipholus in act 3 scene 2 reads like an extended 'yo mama' joke:

ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE  What is she? 
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  A very reverent body; ay, such a one as a man may not speak of without he say 'Sir-reverence.' I have but lean luck in the match, and yet is she a wondrous fat marriage. 
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE  How dost thou mean a fat marriage? 
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  Marry, sir, she's the kitchen wench and all grease; and I know not what use to put her to but to make a lamp of her and run from her by her own light. I warrant, her rags and the tallow in them will burn a Poland winter: if she lives till doomsday, he'll burn a week longer than the whole world.

...and so on. Eventually we get a geography lesson:
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE  What's her name? 
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  Nell, sir; but her name and three quarters, that's an ell and three quarters, will not measure her from hip to hip. 
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE  Then she bears some breadth? 
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  No longer from head to foot than from hip to hip: she is spherical, like a globe; I could find out countries in her.

ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE  In what part of her body stands Ireland? 
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  Marry, in her buttocks: I found it out by the bogs. 
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE  Where Scotland?
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  I found it by the barrenness; hard in the palm of the hand. 
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE  Where France?
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  In her forehead; armed and reverted, making war against her heir. 
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE Where England?
DROMIO OF SYRACUSE  I looked for the chalky cliffs, but I could find no whiteness in them; but I guess it stood in her chin, by the salt rheum that ran between France and it.

... and on to Spain,the Indies, Belgium, the Netherlands, and so on. These sorts of exchanges, in which Dromio regales the equally baffled and horrified Antipholus with stories of his confusing exploits, are quite lovely, and highlight the affectionate friendship that they share despite their differing social standings. For me, their bond, their fish out of water status and their shared goals - to find their brothers, then to take advantage of what at first appears to be a beneficial situation, then to get the hell out of dodge - also provides the story with a sense of heart that might be lacking in other such farcical fare.

Of course it all works out fine in the end because it's not the sort of play where family members get baked into pies or stabbed in towers. Egeon isn't executed, the sets of brothers are reunited, and it just so happens that the Abbess who helps some of them out is actually Egeon's lost wife Emelia. Hurrah. It all closes with a gorgeous moment in which the Dromios finally get a chance to address one another. Play over, hearts warmed, money well spent.



Verdict: A+++ would read again.